Owners may carry out rebuilding or repairing themselves with help from their own family members or local labourers. This is commonly known as “owner-driven approach (ODA)”, where house owners themselves are facilitated to drive decisions on materials and design typology and execution in compliance with government regulations. įor the above principles to manifest as tangible improvement in the lives of the disaster-affected people, reconstruction needs to ensure that community members partner in policy making, lead the local implementation and are involved in the monitoring and evaluation process. Although every recovery effort is unique, the institutional context of the country, its socio-economic profile, local culture and prevalent systems of construction have a bearing on the overall design of the recovery process as such. The reconstruction of housing and infrastructure should take into consideration the location of new settlements and structural designs of individual units to promote resilience against local hazards and prevent environmental degradation, while incorporating local knowledge. Reconstruction of houses, infrastructure and services should equally focus on enabling economic activities to foster swift recovery and restore the livelihoods and income of the disaster-affected populations. Equitable and inclusive recovery can be promoted through participation and prioritisation of the needs of the most vulnerable. Disaster recovery can serve as a great opportunity to reset practices and redesign systems to provide support for livelihood restoration and income generation opportunities during the recovery and reconstruction process. The World Bank advocates that as part of the recovery framework, the principle of “build back better” (BBB) must be included in order to address existing vulnerability and improve overall well-being while focussing on reconstruction. This is at the core of the ethos of “building back better.” ![]() ![]() The study highlights that in order to address the various causes of vulnerability of rural housing, it is important to leverage the existing connections between different dimensions of habitat development, including access to finance, choice of appropriate materials, skill-building, and safe construction methods. Specifically, in the context of rural housing, the paper looks at three case studies of innovative habitat reconstruction initiatives undertaken in the aftermath of major disasters in India and analyses them for their impact on building the resilience of displaced communities. ![]() This paper draws from a recent field study to examine the reasons for the poor performance of existing housing stock in the face of disasters and presents a chain of graded causal factors that contribute to their vulnerability. Well-designed initiatives in the aftermath of a disaster can help displaced populations enter a positive cycle of resilience-building using new approaches. Post-disaster reconstruction offers an opportunity to address some of the fundamental causes of vulnerability that are an inherent part of mainstream housing processes located at the intersectionality of sectoral interdependencies.
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